chapter 5

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    Now we have got, I think, a clue to the secret of sympathy in the ese people_the power of sympathy which gives to the real aman that sympathetic or true human intelligence, making him so inexpressibly gentle. Let us  put this clue or hypothesis to the test. Let us see whether with this clue that the ese people live a life of the heart we  explain not only detached facts such as the two illustrations I have given above, but also general characteristics which we see iual life of the ese people.

    First of all let us take the ese language. As the ese live a life of the heart, the ese language, I say, is also a language of the heart. Now it is a well-known fact that children and uneducated persons among fners in a learn ese very easily, much more so than grown-up and educated persons. What is the reason of this? The reason, I say, is because children and uneducated persons think and speak with the language of the heart, whereas educated men, especially men with the modern intellectual education of Europe, think and speak with the language of the head or intellect. In fact, the reason why educated fners find it so difficult to learn ese, is because they are too educated, too intellectually and stifically educated. As it is said of the Kingdom of Heaven, so it may also be said of the ese language:_"Unless you bee as little children, you ot learn it. "

    let us take another well-known fa the life of the ese people. The ese, it is well-known, have wonderful memories. What is the secret of this? The secret is: the ese remember things with the heart and not with the head. The heart with its power of sympathy, ag as glue,  retain things much better than the head or intellect which is hard and dry. It is, for instance, also for this reason that we; all of us,  remember things which we learnt when we were children much better than we  remember things which we learnt in mature life. As children, like the ese, we remember things with the heart and not with the head.

    Let us ake anenerally admitted fa the life of the ese people_their politeness. The ese are, it has often been remarked, a peculiarly polite people. Now what is the essence of true politeness? It is sideration for the feelings of others. The ese are polite because, living a life of the heart, they know their own feelings and that makes it easy for them to show sideration for the feelings of others. The politeness of the ese, although not elaborate like the politeness of the Japanese, is pleasing because it is, as the French beautifully express it, la politesse du coeur, the politeness of the heart. The politeness of the Japanese, oher hand, although elaborate, is not so pleasing, and I have heard some fners express their dislike of it<s>?９9liｂ?</s>, because it is what may be called a rehearsal politeness_a politeness learnt by heart as in a theatrical piece. It is not a spontaneous politeness whies direct from the heart. In fact the politeness of the Japanese is like a flower without fragrance, whereas the politeness of a really polite ese has a perfume like the aroma of a precious oi_instar ui fra-grantis_ whies from the heart.

    Last of all, let us take another characteristic of the ese people, by calling attention to which the Rev. Arthur Smith has made his reputation, viz. :_want of exaess. Now what is the reason for this want of exaess in the ways of the ese people? The reason, I say again, is because the ese live a life of the heart. The heart is a very delicate aive bala is not like the head or intellect, a hard, stiff, rigid instrument. You ot with the heart think with the same steadiness, with the same rigid exaess as you  with the head or intellect. At least, it is extremely difficult to do so. In fact, the ese pe9９lib?n or pencil which is a soft brush, may be taken as a symbol of the ese mind. It is very difficult to write or draw with it, but when you have once mastered the use of it, you will, with it, write and draw with a beauty and grace which you ot do with a hard steel pen.

    Now the above are a few simple facts ected with the life of the ese people whiyone, even without any knowledge of ese,  observe and uand, and by examining these facts, I think, I have made good my hypothesis that the ese people live a life of the heart.

    Now it is because the ese live a life of the heart, the life of a child, that they are so primitive in many o<cite>.99liｂ.</cite>f their ways. Indeed, it is a remarkable fact that for a people who have lived so long in the world as a great nation, the ese people should to this day be so primitive in many of their ways. It is this fact which has made superficial fn students of a think that the ese have made nress in their civilisation and that the ese civilisation is a stagnant one. heless, it must be admitted that, as far as pure intellectual life goes, the ese are, to a certaient, a people of arrested development. The ese, as you all know, have made little or nress not only in the physical, but also in the pure abstract sces such as mathematics, logid metaphysics. Ihe very words &quot;sce&quot; and &quot;logic&quot; in the European languages have  equivalent in the ese language. The ese, like children who live a life of the heart, have no taste for the abstract sces, because ihe heart and feelings are not engaged. In fact, for everything which does not ehe heart and feelings, such as tables of statistics, the ese have a dislike amounting to aversion. But if tables of statistid the pure abstract sces fill the ese with aversion, the physical sces as they are now pursued in Europe, which require you to cut up and mutilate the body of a living animal in order to verify a stific theory, would inspire the ese with repugnand horror.

    The ese, I say, as far as pure intellectual life goes, are to a certaient, a people of arrested development. The ese to this day live the life of a child, a life of the heart. In this respect, the ese people, old as they are as a nation, are to the present day, a nation of children. But then it is important you should remember that this nation of children, who live a life of the heart, who are so primitive in many of their ways, have yet a power of mind and rationality which you do not find in a primitive people, a power of mind and rationality which has ehem to deal with the plex and difficult problems of social life, gover and civilisation with a success which, I will veo say here, the a and modern nations of Europe have not been able to attain_a success so signal that they have been able practically and actually to keep in peace９９ｌｉb? and reater portion of the population of the ti of Asia under a great Empire.

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