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There alpable air of excitement in the Waldorf Astoria Hotel’s Starlight Roof. It was so thick you could slice through it with a khe room had filled up and there was a bank of TV cameras from the major broadcasters lined up at the back of the auditorium like a firing squad. The lenses of the robotic cameras and the huge le microphones were aimed at ter stage. Some of the cameras were going through an intricate puter-trolled dance routine of automatining, swooping and zooming.The members of the audience had tired of admiring the ornate deliers, appraising the intricate artwork on the ceiling and perusing their itineraries. They had had enough of fiddling with their translation maes awking at the robots w the isles. A thousand whispers, murmurs, tête-à-têtes and polite versations coalesced.
Professor Yao was waiting in the wings backstage. On the opposite side at stage right stood Wendy Bruckheimer, flowing red hair lit up gloriously by the harsh stage lights. A small oriental man with what could only be described as minimalist features was carrying out final checks on the presentation equipment. The professor only had a few slides to show anyway, so the ces of teical glitches were low to zero. The power of the breakthrough would speak for itself. The man was wearing a<kbd>.99lib.</kbd> black World Teology Forum T-shirt and ill-fitting o slacks. There was something vaguely familiar about the slight stooping posture of his neck but Professor Yao was focused on the presentation at hand.
Wendy Bruckheimer was shufflily through a small deck of flash cards. The professor had still not recovered from the casual way she had informed him of Dr. Joplin’s death. As though it was one small glit an otherwise perfectly anized event. The show had to go on. Poor Dr. Joplin. He had been one of the richest men in academia with several ercial patents under his belt, a man who sat on the boards of several high profile corporations. Yet, he had been generous with his money and his knowledge, grants and scholarships to students from poor backgrounds who had dedicated themselves to the pursuit of exc<a>99lib?</a>ellen various areas of puter sce.
What had the MIT professor known that had got him killed and did the professor know he was going to die? And why had the daughter disappeared without a trace? Something that Bruckheimer, ever practical, jectured suggested either her guilt or the guilt of parties at MIT w in cert with the daughter. But what kind of sixteen year-old with a healthy trust fund would murder her own father for more money?
Jolted from his reverie by a female voinoung: “The session will start in two minutes” in dulcet tones. Handel’s Messiah started blaring out over the music system, which distributed the maestro’s work by shifting ns of air around the room.
The tei jumped off the stage and headed back, through the aisle, to the bank of elevators at the back of the room. One of the TV cameras panned in his dire and the man tilted his head and attempted to shield his face with his left hand. For a man that small, his movements were smooth and assured but somehow alien to the enviro. Once again Professor Yao had a feeling of déjà vu. There was something about the fluidity of the man’s movements that reminded him of something he had seen before. But he couldn’t for the life of him remember what it was. As he racked his brain to make the association, Handel faded into the background and the room fell silent. You could hear a pin drop, but all Professor Yao could register was the mild pumping of his ow.
Wendy Bruckheimer strolled purposefully to ter stage. A few admirers clapped spontaneously, applauding her shapely legs more than anything. There was something gazelle-like about the way her long slender legs moved. And those transparent shoes, that gave the illusion that she was floating on air, only served to enhahe effect. As far as Western taste went, Wendy Bruckheimer sure was a beautiful woman. And she obviously had brains, a powerful bination. She took her place before the le.
Ladies alemen, the World Teology Forum is proud to present this session’s speaker Professor Yao Guo , Head of Tsinghua Uy’s world-renowned Artificial Intelligend Nanoteology tre. We are very lucky to have Professor Yao this year, as he doesn’t normally take public speaking es.
Professor Yao is pre-emi in his field, one of the world’s leading minds on itive intelligend nanoteology. He is also a leading authority on Virtual and Artificial Realities and is known as the architect of New a’s mysterious virtual reality work. The latter, I must add, is just a rumor. The New a gover tio remind us that no such this. Ladies alemen, please join me iending a warm wele to Professor Yao Guo .
A thundering round of applause as the professor walked out on to the stage and into the powerful spotlights. Wendy Bruckheimer applauded him too areated gracefully to the back of the stage. Professor Yao gave her a nod of thanks and turo face the audience, instinctively adjusting his bifocals. Any trace of nervousness was now gohis was his moment and he was caught up in it. At the back of the room, below the glare of the powerful camera lights, the professor could make out the multi-colored logos of the major broadcast works.
Wendy Bruckheimer had informed him that his talk was being broadcast live to an audience of approximately five billion people around the world. Professor Joplin had pulled it off as he had promised despite the fact that the ese professor had repeatedly refused to give him a hint on this groundbreaking discovery that the world o know about. Joplin had do purely out of trust and respect.
Wendy Bruckheimer had also advised him that on at of the huge layman audieg outside the auditorium he should keep his speech as uific as possible. She would arrange for stifid teical papers to be distributed to the audiend the major journals after the session. Tomorrow, he thought, the stocks of Artificial Intelligence, Quantum puting and Nanoteology panies were going to gh the roof, especially the ones in a.
The applause died down. A thousand pairs of eyes were trained upon him and five billion more through the biased lenses of the TV cameras. Professor Yao cleared his throat to mild microphone noise and began in formal Mandarin, simultaneously translated by the personal translation systems over the audio system.
Ladies alemen, it is an honour to be here before this distinguished room of fellow academid others with an i in the exg world of Artificial Intelligence. I am going to make the first part of this session as brief as possible as I anticipate that yoing to have lots of questions for me. I will try my best to ahose questions.
The topiy talk today is “Quantum puting: a breakthrough in Artificial Intelligence” as it says in your itineraries. It’s about the biggest breakthrough in information teology the world has ever seen. This is a breakthrough that ushers in a new era of puting, enriches by orders of magnitude the relationship between humans and puters. We have created the world’s first self-sustaining, evolutionary quantum puter processor. In fact “we” is the wrong word to use as you will discover later.
Gasps and murmurs rolled through the audience.
“But that’s impossible,” shouted a bold voice from the audience.
“The most powerful quantum puter available today boasts only one hundred quantum bits, that’s not nearly enough to make quantum puters start replag sili puters any time soon,” jectured another. Professor Yao ighe dissent.
First, for the be of our television and cyberspace audiences, I would like to briefly explain the premise of quantum puting. The sili processors that currently power the P your homes and offices are made up of tiny transistors that swit and off representing the binary numbers of 1 and 0, the language in whiputers speak. Until retly, increases in speed and performance of those processors have been achieved principally by squeezing smaller transistors into the processor. Electricity travels faster in a smaller transistor resulting in faster processors. This and other enhas result in a doubling of puting power every two years, an industry phenomenon referred to as Moore’s Law.
Well, Moore’s Law is ing to an end and nanoteology is beginning to usher in a new era of even smaller transistors and furthering the peion of personal superputers into households around the world. Yet, even with all these advas in hardware, we have yet to see software keep up with these trends. In particular, we have been uo see the emergence of a true artificial intelligence. Yes, we have intrusioion, sario analysis and stock trading AIs but these are just algorithms going through the motions of a predefined set of rules and procedures. No AI has so far successfully claimed to be pletely self evolving and, dare I say, to have a sce. That is until retly.
We at Tsinghua Uy in Beijing, one of the leading uies in the whole of New a, have long believed that quantum neural works were the key to creating really intelligent software, software with a sciousness. Why quantum puting? Because even though puting power is not a pre-requisite for puter intellige does speed up the evolutionary process which take a very long time on today’s hardware.
Again I must apologize to my friends in academia that for the be of casual viewers I must explain quickly why quantum puting is going to ge the puting landscape forever, putting superputers on every desktop. I mentioned earlier that today’s puters and soles use processors that squeeze many tiny transistors into a small area. The processor in your PC at home has about five hundred billion transistors, each of which is so tiny tens of thousands of them fit on the width of a human hair. We are talking about the width of a human hair, not the length.
Now if you are thinking that’s small, Quantum puting goes even smaller and uses the very building bloatter, subatomic particles such as eles, ions and photons as transistors. In the quantum world, such transistors are known as quantum bits or qubits. Why use these microscopic particles as transistors? The particles possess certain behaviors that ot only be used to represent the 1s and 0s of puter speak but to also to perform plex calculations orders of magnitude faster than any of today’s puters. Agai me briefly outlihe specific behaviors that allow for this new era in puting.
Atomic particles have two distind opposite spin orientations that each represent the 1s and a 0s of binary language. This allows the particle to effectively behave as a transistor. Once a particle is isolated from its enviro, it ehe strange quantum state we refer to as superposition, which means it is in both orientations at ond represent a mix of 1s and 0s. This allows a string of particles in this state of superposition to simultaneously represent every possible bination of 1s and 0s. A quantum puter therefore process all the hat represent possible solutions to a problem in a single operation. Today’s puters would have to gh each possible solutioer the other.
Two particles in superposition bee entangled when they e into tact. Enta means that one or more of their properties bee linked evehe particles are separated. If one of the particles is knocked out of superposition into a defiate (a 1 or 0 as described earlier), the other particle, no matter how far away, it could be oher side of the universe, also leaves superposition at the same moment in time and assumes the same state. Sia allows distant particles to share the same state it effectively allows for teleportation of states, or in the binary seeleportation of values, even across space.
Uanding these strange behaviors of particles, superpositioa, teleportation is key to uanding how we achieved the breakthrough I am about to describe.
So how did we create a scious artificial intelligence? We borrowed from nanoteology, neural works, quantum physid itive sces. First let’s start with the hardware. The key on the processor side was the creation of a three dimensional sili array of embedded subatomic particles like we described earlier. The array is based on a modification of the quantum dot design which has resulted in a stable 100 qubit quantum puter the gentlemaioned earlier. This up till retly has beeting-edge of quantum puting. Well ladies alemen; I am pleased to annouhat we have created a quantum neural work processor with one billion qubits.
Professor Yao paused for effect as an unintelligible hum rippled throughout the auditorium and practically every stist in the audience spontaneously began to deride Professor Yao’s last statement. The sound of dissent grew increasingly louder. There oradic laughter, cries of derision and ridicule. The professor was growing impatient. The o educate the non-teical viewers was making this difficult. And time was of the essence. Any minute now, agents of the PLA could e busting out from the escalators, leading him to certaih ba New a. Wouldn’t these academics let him just finish his talk? All would bee clear when he was finished, when they experiehe power of the system he called Black Jade for themselves.
“Surely this is a translation error. A one billion qubit quantum puter with a three-dimensional neuroprocessor? You created such a puter in your lab at Tsinghua?” asked a distinguished looking, white-haired man in the audience sarcastically.
“Yes.”
The audieed into laughter.
“That’s all well and good Professor Yao but even if we were to believe that eous claim, how oh did you get those qubits to unicate with each other?” the man asked. Professor Yao had not ted on these stant interruptions but was determio make his point.
“The same way you’ve been doing it for the last two decades. We use multiple dynamic buses of ected qubits to eains of quantum memory,” Professor Yao responded impatiently.
“And how do you mahe problems that have dogged the industry up till now, the problems of decoherehe fact that the particles may ge state as soon as they are observed due to enviroal noise and other factors? And what about error corre and the problems of intere as you scale up to your imaginary one billion qubits?”
“ I ask about your background?” Professor Yao asked politely, interrupting the peals of laughter rolling through the audiend fixing the white-haired man with his most inteare.
“Professor Collin Sandwood, head of The tre for Quantum putation, Cambridge Uy.”
“That means that you are familiar with the current approaches to solving the problems you highlight so I don’t o go into those specifics. Let’s just say that we haven’t reied the wheel here. The key is in the approach we have taken,” explained Professor Yao.
“And proach might that be?”
Professor Yao couldn’t help but notice the hint and sarcasm that the Cambridge professor’s English at had taken on. He tinued with his talk, his voice struggling to rise above the din.
We knew we couldn’t effectively build a practical quantum chip by reiing the wheel so we fed the meics of proven quantum puting approaches around the world into a heuristic softrogram a do the assembly using the latest nanoteology. Our quantum chip was built by an artificial intelligence, more specifically a neural artificial intelligework. The AI simply got better at building the chip after tless failures and dead ends. The AI stumbled upon the design of the chip when we fed it the parameters of early millennium quantum puting work at the Uy of Wissin. The software started w with two-dimensional arrays and then scaled up to three dimensions. We let the AI build the processor. We figured if humans have failed to do so over the last three decades or so, why not give maes and software a try.
Materials used were sili, chemically-altered sili germanium and unaltered sili germanium to form a quantum dot lattice that allowed <big></big>individual eles to move precisely in any dire through the array, including the quantum buses. Each layer ainstakingly assembled by the AI using the latest in sili chip fabrication and nanoteology assembly and disassembly teology. As I said earlier, we have not reied any wheels. Error corre for example was solved by the software using a variation of the Uates National Institute of Standards and Teology’s pyramid hierarchy of qubits that uses the teleportation behavior of entangled particles at key intervals to check the accuracy of returned values. A signifit portion of the one billion qubits are used in this regard but the result is still the fastest puter in humaence.
I see that some of you are nodding in reition of the fact that all this is perfectly plausible. The principles have been proven by others and are well doted. The fact of the matter is the hardware is not the iing piece of the puzzle. I am not here to talk about the hardware. I am here to talk about Black Jade, the most advanced piece of software the world has ever seen. The world’s first true artificial intelligence.
On the hardware side, we have the most powerful puter ieoday. It uses a chip and software which is essentially a quantum neural work in a box. On the software side what do we have? Well, itive sce theories abound on how to create a true artificial intelligence; ohat passes the Turi and persuade any interrogator that it has a sciousness.
Our approach is based on a somewhat dated theory, postulated more than two decades ago in fact, by Robert Heielsen. He was the first to articulate that all aspects of human ition are derived from a specific type of knowledge and a single information processing operation referred to as fabulation. I won’t go too muto that here but the gist is that if you build heuristieural work software that fabulate and give it vast amounts of accumulated knowledge anized in much the same way that the human brain anizes knowledge, you end up with an artificial intelligehat is just as scious as you and I. The AI in effect learns via an intricate system nizing patterns in relevant data, both perma and emerging knowledge – pattern reition.
There were more murmurs among the attendees who were looking at each other, furrowing their brows, aally going through the logic of what the professor was saying. A few people in the audiearted applauding but the sound was barely audible above the din. The audience, prising some of the best minds of the world, had begun to see the i plausibility of what he was saying, despite the lack of details. And the lack of proof. They were beginning to see that the diminutive ese professor would e away from the World Teology Forum as one of fi stists of their geion.
Finally, before I take questions I’d like to show you a slide of our prototype quantum processor after one day, one week, one month and six months of evolution. Finally I’d like you all to meet Black Jade, the first AI running on our quantum neural work. The last slide was taken just a few days before I left New a to be here. The algorithms used are incredible, beyond anything that is humanly possible. In fact Black Jade is the same AI that built the quantum processor so it actually knows things about its processor envirohat we its creators will probably never know. It is simply beyond our capabilities.
There was more applause from the audiehe air was thick with excitement. Phone calls were being made to labs around the world. Inhibitions had been dropped and intense versations were now being carried out around the room. Journalists were typing away frantically on satellite-enabled personal soles. TV cameras were panning and zooming away.
The professor reached into his pocket for the distaining the slide. His hand came away empty. The disc was missing. Had he unwittingly placed it in the projector already? He didn’t think so. He pressed the open button on the projector but the disc holder slid out empty. He felt around in his other pockets.
There was something sticky on his index finger. It must have e from the projector. There was a slight ti the tip of his finger. It started to travel up his arm. What did he do with the mini-disc? Then out of the blue his synapses fired in the right bination and it hit him. The tei. He now remembered clearly where he’d seen him. It was at a top secret event in Shanghai. He recalled thinking aloud to one of the PLA generals how a man so small got to be accepted in the People’s Liberation Army. The general had said something about him being a national treasure. He was some kind of supernatural freak.
Professor Yaled to focus his eyes on the back of the room. The small man was standing there, staring straight at him. Was that a look nition from his killer? The tingle had now turned into numbraveling rapidly up his arm and Professor Yao khat he would be dead in seds. He thahe gods that he had taken the precaution of leaving instrus with his research assistant Li Jin. What a way to die. He regretted that he would never see the fruits of his labor. heless, he thahe gods for all the hours spent with the AI. Teag it the important things it o know. Th<dfn>藏书网</dfn>ose hours were worth the entire sixty-eight years of his life. Li Jin, if I am not back by Friday m I want you to release Black Jade into cyberspace. Then I want you to remove the quantum neuroprocessor aroy it.
He had grown attached to the entity he called Black Jade, the entity that resided in the first puter to ever be powered by an evolutionary neuroprocessor. He had grown to respect its omnipotehe sheer breadth ah of its knowledge. One billion terabytes of data, weighed, digested and gracefully regurgitated better than any human could.
Black Jade was his baby and would live on iy in cyberspace. The world would build its own versions but there would be nothing like the inal, which possessed more knowledge than any successor could ever hope to have. And with cyberspace embodying the entire of human knowledge and Black Jade’s ability to alter the fabric of the matrix to suit its own purpo<figure>九九藏书</figure>ses, Professor Yao would die a satisfied man. He had left his mark on the world, a mark that would resoil the end of time.
As Professor Yao’s heart stopped beating and his body fell kamikaze pilot-like to the dais, he prayed to God that his research assistant, the smart but strong-willed student Li Jin, would heed his instrus.
Li Jin, if I am not back by Friday m I want you to release Black Jade into cyberspace. Then I want you to remove the quantum neuroprocessor aroy it.
The last thing Professor Yao saw were the shapely legs and high-heeled shoes of Wendy Bruckheimer running towards him as his life slipped away.
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